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The soil formation within the Wet Atlantic Chernozem facies of the West-Ukrainian region leads to the vertical redistribution of Chernozem soil substance and formation of the differentiated mineral soil profile to varying degrees by carbonates, clay, and chemic-mineralogical composition. Luvic Greyzemic Chernozems (Siltic, Aric, Pachic) is characterized by the sharp differentiated profile by clay...
This study focuses on the impact of a municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill on the environment. Phytotoxicity test was determined to assess ecotoxicity of landfill soil (Zdounky-Kuchyňky). White mustard (Sinapis alba L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) plants were allowed to grow in earthen pots, treated with soil samples to study the potential effect of landfill to the plant biomass production. Twenty-one...
Knowledge about the spatio-temporal variability of soil enzymatic properties is crucial in evaluating their structure-function relationship and their impact on ecosystem functions. The aim of this study was to assess the spatio-temporal variability of soil β-glucosidase (BG) activity against selected physico-chemical properties at the arable fild scale. A grid soil sampling (10×10 m) was used to measure...
This study focused on the impact of extensive sheep grazing on soil enzymatic activity in the grassland habitats of the Eastern Lublin region of Poland, situated within the ecological Natura 2000 network of: Kąty (PLH060010), Stawska Góra (PLH060018), and Zachodniowołyńska Dolina Bugu (PLH060035). This study involved soils under sheep grazing and soils in uncultivated areas (wasteland). Two-year study...
The proper and healthy functioning of the soil depends largely on the microorganisms abundance, including the total number of bacteria and fungi, but also their diversity. The increase in the biodiversity also increases the functional capabilities of the ecosystem but from a certain point, a further increase in the biodiversity does not bring any new features, so the general biochemical and metabolic...
The inflence of humidity and soil type on the degradation process of clomazone, metazachlor and pendimethalin immobilized in the alginate matrix were studied under laboratory condi tions, and herbicidal degradation parameters obtained for alginate systems and commercial formulations (Command 480 EC, Metazachlor 500 SC and Panida 330 SC) were compared. Two soils with different organic content were...
This paper presents preliminary results of the use of visible and near-infrared (VIS -NIR) spectroscopy for soil classification and soil profile examination. Three experiments involving (1) three different soil types (Albic Luvisol, Gleyic Phaeozem, Brunic Arenosol), (2) three artificial micro-plots with similar texture (loamy sand, Gleyic Phaeozem) but different soil organic carbon (SOC) content...
Soils from the Lublin area exposed to low-stack emission from home heating and transport were investigated. Changes in soil enzymatic activity and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) content were analysed. Soil samples were collected in July and November 2016 and January 2017. Results of the study show that enzymatic activity and PAHs content depended on types of buildings, study period (intensification...
With this paper we investigate the effect of sand contribution to organic soils and direct influence of this process on the physical and physicochemical properties on the example of transitional bog in the Stołowe Mountains (the Central Sudetes), which was periodically covered by sand material from sandstone cliffs weathering. Field survey and soil sampling were conducted in August 2015 in the area...
Activity of dehydrogenases (DHs) indicates the presence of viable and physiologically active (physiologically active or physiological activity) microorganisms. Their presence (activity) in soil is correlated with the content of organic carbon, microorganisms, nitrifying activity and microbial respiration. Determination of DHs activity allows to control changes in soil microbial population and is considered...
The aim of the study was to evaluate the content of Zn, Cu, Mn, Pb, Hg and Fe in sandy everlasting, yarrow and stinging nettle in relation to the concentration of metals in the soil. Samples of soils and plants were collected from natural habitats (edges of forests in the Kujawy-Pomerania Province). The total metal content and their available forms for plants in the soil samples were determined. The...
As it is well known, the share of microorganisms in the fertility and soil health is very important. Soil microorganisms play a major role in organic matter mineralization, provide nutrients to plants, and improve the soil structure. The size of the soil organisms is very variable. It depends primarily on the water and air relations in the soil as well as the temperature. The aim of the research was...
This paper assesses the impact of creosote and low-molecular-weight organic acids (LMWOAs) on the activity of acid phosphomonoesterase, alkaline phosphomonoesterase, phosphotriesterase, and inorganic pyrophosphatase in soil. The experiment was carried out on loamy sand samples with organic carbon content of 8.71 g·kg⁻¹, with the following variable factors: dosages of creosote: 0, 0.5%, and 2.5%; type...
The aim of the study was to assess the impact of long-term drainage on the morphology and selected properties of shallow peatland soils in microrelief. The study was conducted within strongly drained peatland (Długie Mokradło bog) located on elevated plateau in the Central Sudetes. The study area is covered by spruce stands introduced by man. Long-term drainage has changed morphology of study soils...
The aim of the research was to compare the effects of four to quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) with iodine anion: tetramethylammonium iodine [TMA][I], tetraethylammonium iodine [TEA][I], tetrapropylammonium iodine [TEA][I], tetrabutylammonium iodine [TBA][I]. The experiment was carried out on sandy clay loam samples with organic carbon content of 33.82 g·kg⁻¹, and pH in 1 M KCl 7.13. QAS were added...
Soil samples were collected at Al-Najaf governorate, Iraq and assessed for radon concentrations using CN-85 detector and uranium concentrations using CN-85 and CR-39 detectors. Also, Some radiation parameters due to radon concentrations were calculated. Radon concentrations were varied from (506.84) Bq/m³ to (1194.69) Bq/m³ with an average of (894.21±77.80) Bq/m³, while the radium content were varied...
In this paper, we investigate using of probit analysis for heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, Co, Ni) toxicity assessment for spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in sod podzolic sandy loam and chernozem soils. Estimation of the heavy metals phytotoxicity by means of PhLD50 value was suggested. The PhLD50 value is a doze of metal in soil that causes 50% reduction of plant biomass (mg·kg⁻¹). According to...
Pollution of soils with heavy metals is particularly dangerous to living organisms. Invertebrates are sensitive to changes in soil conditions, and, therefore, may be considered invaluable indicators of soil disruptions. This study has been undertaken to determine heavy metal content in the in soil and extracted soil fauna in two types of forest habitats of Niepołomice Forest and to establish their...
In this paper we presents the characteristics of selected physical and water properties of four arable soils situated within the range of the predicted depression cone of “Tomisławice” lignite open-cast mine. In the sampled soil material of undisturbed and disturbed structure following properties were determined: texture, particle density, bulk density, total porosity, hygroscopic moistures, maximal...
The purpose of the study was to verify the possibility of creation of reliable soil texture class (STC) maps of a topsoil based on a linear calibration of shallow (0-30cm) soil electrical conductivity (ECsh) with small datasets of soil samples with laboratory determined STC . ECsh values were calibrated against four datasets of soil samples. The smallest datasets (5-6 soil samples per field) were...
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